What is Net Promoter Score?
Net Promoter Score comes from one question — how likely are you to recommend us, 0 to 10 — and one piece of arithmetic: the percentage of promoters (9–10) minus the percentage of detractors (0–6). Passives (7–8) count in the total but contribute nothing to the score, which is why NPS is deliberately harsh. The result runs from −100 to +100, and it's a comparison tool: its value is in the trend and in like-for-like industry comparison, not in the absolute number.
Why it matters
- It compresses customer sentiment into one figure that executives, boards, and other departments already understand, which makes it unusually portable across a company.
- Tracked over time against a consistent audience and question, it's a reliable early indicator of churn — sentiment drops before cancellations do.
- The follow-up "why did you give that score?" question is where the real value lives; the number just tells you which responses to read first.
The formula
NPS = ((Promoters − Detractors) ÷ (Promoters + Passives + Detractors)) × 100
- Promoters
- — respondents scoring 9 or 10
- Passives
- — respondents scoring 7 or 8 — counted in the total, not in the score
- Detractors
- — respondents scoring 0 to 6
How to use this calculator
- 01Group your survey responses into the three buckets: 9–10 promoters, 7–8 passives, 0–6 detractors.
- 02Enter the raw counts — the calculator handles the percentage conversion, including passives in the denominator.
- 03Read the result as a position on a −100 to +100 scale, then compare it to your own previous score before comparing it to anyone else's.
- 04Survey the same way every time. Changing channel, timing, or wording changes the score independently of how customers actually feel.
Worked example
A post-purchase survey returned 850 responses: 420 promoters, 310 passives, and 120 detractors.
- Total respondents = 420 + 310 + 120 = 850
- %Promoters = 420 ÷ 850 = 49.4%
- %Detractors = 120 ÷ 850 = 14.1%
- NPS = 49.4 − 14.1 = 35.3
An NPS in the mid-30s is a solid, unremarkable score across most industries. Note how the 310 passives quietly suppress it — they add to the denominator while contributing nothing.
Industry benchmarks
Compiled August 2026
Generally considered good
Above 0, and clearly above 20
Anything positive means promoters outnumber detractors.
Generally considered excellent
50+
Uncommon outside of strongly loved products.
B2B software
30 – 40
Buyer and user are often different people, which drags scores down.
Retail / ecommerce
35 – 50
Immediate, tangible experiences tend to score higher.
Common mistakes
- Comparing your NPS to a headline figure from another industry — the ranges differ enough that cross-industry comparison is close to meaningless.
- Surveying only happy customers, or only after a successful interaction, which produces a flattering number with no diagnostic value.
- Treating a 7 as positive. On this scale 7 and 8 are neutral and 6 is a detractor, which surprises people every time.
- Chasing the score instead of reading the comments — the number tells you something changed, the free text tells you what.
How to improve your NPS
Close the loop with every detractor
Contacting detractors individually does two things: it recovers some of them, and it produces the clearest account of what's wrong you'll ever get.
Segment the score before acting on it
A flat NPS often hides one segment improving while another collapses. Split by plan, tenure, and acquisition channel before you decide anything.
Watch NPS and churn together
Sentiment leads cancellation. A falling NPS in a segment is usually visible a quarter before the churn shows up in revenue.
Calculate your churn rate →Frequently asked questions
What counts as a good NPS?+
Any positive score means promoters outnumber detractors. Above 20 is generally treated as good and above 50 as excellent, but industry norms vary widely — your own trend is the more useful comparison.
Why don't passives affect the score?+
By design. NPS is built to measure enthusiasm rather than satisfaction, so lukewarm respondents dilute the score by sitting in the denominator without adding to the numerator.
How many responses do I need?+
A few hundred is a reasonable floor for a stable company-level score. Below that, normal sampling variation can move the number by ten points or more between surveys with no real change underneath.
How often should I run an NPS survey?+
Quarterly for a relationship score, or triggered after key events for a transactional one. Surveying the same people too often depresses response rates and biases who bothers to reply.
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